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中華人民共和國勞動合同法-中英對照法律英語
青島希尼爾翻譯公司 2016年8月3日整理發(fā)布
LAW OF THE PEOPLE′S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS
Adopted at the 28th Session of the Standing Committee of the 10th National
People′s Congress on June 29，2007
Effective from January 1， 2008
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1
This Law has been formulated in order to improve the employment contract
system， to specify the rights and obligations of the parties to employment
contracts， to protect the lawful rights and interests of Employees and to build
and develop harmonious and stable employment relationships.
Article 2
This Law governs the establishment of employment relationships between， and
the conclusion， performance， amendment， termination and ending of employment
contracts by， organizations such as enterprises， individual economic
organizations and private non-enterprise units in the People's Republic of China
（“Employers”） on the one hand and Employees in the People's Republic of China on
the other hand.
The conclusion， performance， amendment， termination and ending of employment
contracts by state authorities， institutions or social organizations on the one
hand and Employees with whom they establish employment relationships on the
other hand， shall be handled pursuant to this Law.
Article 3
The conclusion of employment contracts shall comply with the principles of
lawfulness， fairness， equality， free will， negotiated consensus and good faith.
A lawfully concluded employment contract is binding， and both the Employer and
the Employee shall perform their respective obligations stipulated therein.
Article 4
Employers shall establish and improve internal rules and regulations， so as to
ensure that Employees enjoy their labor rights and perform their labor
obligations.
When an Employer formulates， revises or decides on rules and regulations， or
material matters， that have a direct bearing on the immediate interests of its
Employees， such as those concerning compensation， work hours， rest， leave， work
safety and hygiene， insurance， benefits， employee training， work discipline or
work quota management， the same shall be discussed by the employee
representative congress or all the employees. The employee representative
congress or all the employees， as the case may be， shall put forward a proposal
and comments， whereupon the matter shall be determined through consultations
with the Trade union or employee representatives conducted on a basis of
equality.
If， during the implementation of an Employer's rule or regulation or decision
on a crucial matter， the Trade union or an employee is of the opinion that the
same is inappropriate， it or he is entitled to communicate such opinion to the
Employer， and the rule， regulation or decision shall be improved by making
amendments after consultations.
Rules and regulations， and decisions on material matters， that have a direct
bearing on the immediate interests of Employees shall be made public or be
communicated to the Employees by the Employer.
Article 5
The labor administration authorities of People's Governments at the county
level and above， together with the Trade union and enterprise representatives，
shall establish a comprehensive tri-partite mechanism for the coordination of
employment relationships， in order to jointly study and resolve major issues
concerning employment relationships.
Article 6
A Trade union shall assist and guide Employees in the conclusion of employment
contracts with their Employer and the performance thereof in accordance with the
law， and establish a collective bargaining mechanism with the Employer in order
to safeguard the lawful rights and interests of Employees.
CHAPTER 2 CONCLUSION OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS
Article 7
An Employer's employment relationship with a Employee is established on the
date it starts using the Employee. An Employer shall keep a register of
employees， for reference purposes.
Article 8
When an Employer hires a Employee， it shall truthfully inform him as to the
content of the work， the working conditions， the place of work， occupational
hazards， production safety conditions， labor compensation and other matters
which the Employee requests to be informed about. The Employer has the right to
learn from the Employee basic information which directly relates to the
employment contract， and the Employee shall truthfully provide the same.
Article 9
When hiring a Employee， an Employer may not retain the Employee's resident ID
card or other papers， nor may it require him to provide security or collect
property from him under some other guise.
Article 10
To establish an employment relationship， a written employment contract shall
be concluded.
In the event that no written employment contract was concluded at the time of
establishment of an employment relationship， a written employment contract shall
be concluded within one month after the date on which the Employer starts using
the Employee.
Where an Employer and a Employee conclude an employment contract before the
Employer starts using the Employee， the employment relationship shall be
established on the date on which the Employer starts using the Employee.
Article 11
In the event that an Employer fails to conclude a written employment contract
with a Employee at the time its starts to use him， and it is not clear what
labor compensation was agreed upon with the Employee， the labor compensation of
the new Employee shall be decided pursuant to the rate specified in the
collective contract； where there is no collective contract or the collective
contract is silent on the matter， equal pay shall be given for equal work.
Article 12
Employment contracts are divided into fixed-term employment contracts，
open-ended employment contracts and employment contracts to expire upon
completion of a certain job.
Article 13
A “fixed-term employment contract” is an employment contract whose ending date
is agreed upon by the Employer and the Employee.
An Employer and a Employee may conclude a fixed-term employment contract upon
reaching a negotiated consensus.
Article 14
An “open-ended employment contract” is an employment contract for which the
Employer and the Employee have agreed not to stipulate a definite ending date.
An Employer and a Employee may conclude an open-ended employment contract upon
reaching a negotiated consensus. If a Employee proposes or agrees to renew his
employment contract or to conclude an employment contract in any of the
following circumstances， an open-ended employment contract shall be concluded，
unless the Employee requests the conclusion of a fixed-term employment contract：
?。?） The Employee has been working for the Employer for a consecutive period of
not less than 10 years；
?。?） when his Employer introduces the employment contract system or the state
owned enterprise that employs him re-concludes its employment contracts as a
result of restructuring， the Employee has been working for the Employer for a
consecutive period of not less than 10 years and is less than 10 years away from
his legal retirement age； or
（3） prior to the renewal， a fixed-term employment contract was concluded on
two consecutive occasions and the Employee is not characterized by any of the
circumstances set forth in Article 39 and items （1） and （2） of Article 40
hereof.
If an Employer fails to conclude a written employment contract with a Employee
within one year from the date on which it starts using the Employee， the
Employer and the Employee shall be deemed to have concluded an open-ended
employment contract.
Article 15
An “employment contract with a term to expire upon completion of a certain
job” is an employment contract in which the Employer and the Employee have
agreed that the completion of a certain job is the term of the contract.
An Employer and a Employee may， upon reaching a negotiated consensus， conclude
an employment contract with a term to expire upon completion of a certain job.
Article 16
An employment contract shall become effective when the Employer and the
Employee have reached a negotiated consensus thereon and each of them has signed
or sealed the text of such contract.
The Employer and the Employee shall each hold one copy of the employment
contract.
Article 17
An employment contract shall specify the following matters：
（1） The name， domicile and legal representative or main person in charge of
the Employer；
（2） The name， domicile and number of the resident ID card or other valid
identity document of the Employee；
?。?） The term of the employment contract；
?。?） The job des cription and the place of work；
?。?） Working hours， rest and leave；
?。?） Labor compensation；
?。?） Social insurance；
（8） Labor protection， working conditions and protection against occupational
hazards； and
?。?） Other matters which laws and statutes require to be included in employment
contracts.
In addition to the requisite terms mentioned above， an Employer and a Employee
may agree to stipulate other matters in the employment contract， such as
probation period， training， confidentiality， supplementary insurance and
benefits， etc.
Article 18
If a dispute arises due to the fact that the rate or standards for labor
compensation or working conditions， etc. are not explicitly specified in the
employment contract， the Employer and the Employee may renegotiate. If the
negotiations are unsuccessful， the provisions of the collective contract shall
apply. If there is no collective contract or the collective contract is silent
on the issue of labor compensation， equal pay shall be given for equal work； if
there is no collective contract or the collective contract is silent on the
issue of working conditions， the relevant regulations of the state shall apply.
Article 19
If an employment contract has a term of not less than three months but less
than one year， the probation period may not exceed one month； if an employment
contract has a term of more than one year and less than three years， the
probation period may not exceed two months； and if an employment contract has a
term of not less than three years or is open-ended， the probation period may not
exceed six months.
An Employer may stipulate only one probation period with any given Employee.
No probation period may be specified in an employment contract with a term to
expire upon completion of a certain job or an employment contract with a term of
less than three months.
The probation period shall be included in the term of the employment contract.
If an employment contract provides for a probation period only， then there is no
probation period and the term concerned shall be the term of the employment
contract.
Article 20
The wages of a Employee on probation may not be less than the lowest wage
level for the same job with the Employer or less than 80 percent of the wage
agreed upon in the employment contract， and may not be less than the minimum
wage rate in the place where the Employer is located.
Article 21
An Employer may not terminate an employment contract during the probation
period unless the Employee is characterized by any of the circumstances set
forth in Article 39 and items （1） and （2） of Article 40 hereof. If an Employer
terminates an employment contract during the probation period， it shall explain
the reasons to the Employee.
Article 22
If an Employer provides special funding for a Employee's training and gives
him professional technical training， it may conclude an agreement specifying a
term of service with such Employee.
If the Employee breaches the agreement on the term of service， he shall pay
liquidated damages to the Employer as agreed. The measure of the liquidated
damages may not exceed the training expenses paid by the Employer. The
liquidated damages that the Employer requires the Employee to pay may not exceed
the portion of the training expenses allocable to the unperformed portion of the
term of service.
The reaching of agreement on a term of service between the Employer and the
Employee does not affect the raising of the Employee's labor compensation during
the term of service according to the normal wage adjustment mechanism.
Article 23
An Employer and a Employee may include in their employment contract provisions
on confidentiality matters relating to maintaining the confidentiality of the
trade secrets of the Employer and to intellectual property.
If a Employee has a confidentiality obligation， the Employer may agree with
the Employee on competition restriction provisions in the employment contract or
confidentiality agreement， and stipulate that the Employer shall pay financial
compensation to the Employee on a monthly basis during the term of the
competition restriction after the termination or ending of the employment
contract. If the Employee breaches the competition restriction provisions， he
shall pay liquidated damages to the Employer as stipulated.
Article 24
The personnel subject to competition restrictions shall be limited to the
Employer's senior management， senior technicians and other personnel with a
confidentiality obligation. The scope， territory and term of the competition
restrictions shall be agreed upon by the Employer and the Employee， and such
agreement shall not violate laws and regulations.
The term， counted from the termination or ending of the employment contract，
for which a person as mentioned in the preceding paragraph is subject to
competition restrictions in terms of his working for a competing Employer that
produces the same type of products or is engaged in the same type of business as
his current Employer， or in terms of his establishing his own business to
produce the same type of products or engage in the same type of business， shall
not exceed two years.
Article 25
With the exception of the circumstances specified in Articles 22 and 23
hereof， an Employer may not stipulate with a Employee provisions on the bearing
of liquidated damages by the Employee.
Article 26
An employment contract shall be invalid or partially invalid if：
?。?） A party uses such means as deception or coercion， or takes advantage of
the other party's difficulties， to cause the other party to conclude an
employment contract， or to make an amendment thereto， that is contrary to that
party's true intent；
?。?） The Employer disclaims its legal liability or denies the Employee his
rights； or
?。?） Mandatory provisions of laws or administrative statutes are violated.
If the invalidity or partial invalidity of the employment contract is
disputed， it shall be confirmed by a labor dispute arbitration institution or a
People's Court.
Article 27
If certain provisions of an employment contract are invalid and such
invalidity does not affect the validity of the remaining provisions， the
remaining provisions shall remain valid.
Article 28
If an employment contract is confirmed as invalid and the Employee has already
performed labor， the Employer shall pay the Employee labor compensation. The
amount of labor compensation shall be determined with reference to the labor
compensation of Employees in the same or a similar position with the Employer.
CHAPTER 3 PERFORMANCE AND AMENDMENT OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS
Article 29
The Employer and the Employee shall each fully perform its/his obligations in
accordance with the employment contract.
Article 30
Employers shall pay their Employees labor compensation on time and in full in
accordance with the employment contracts and state regulations.
If an Employer falls into arrears with the payment of labor compensation or
fails to make payment in full， the Employee may， in accordance with the law，
apply to the local People's
Court for an order to pay； and the People's Court shall issue such order in
accordance with the law.
Article 31
Employers shall strictly implement the work quota standards and may not compel
or in a disguised manner compel Employees to work overtime. If an Employer
arranges for a Employee to work overtime， it shall pay him overtime pay in
accordance with the relevant state regulations.
Article 32
Employees shall not be held in breach of their employment contracts if they
refuse to perform dangerous operations that are instructed in violation of
regulations or peremptorily ordered by management staff of the Employer.
Employees have the right to criticize， report to the authorities or lodge
accusations against their Employers in respect of working conditions that
endanger their lives or health.
Article 33
Changes such a change in the name， legal representative or main person in
charge of， or an （the） investor（s） in， an Employer shall not affect the
performance of its employment contracts.
Article 34
If an Employer is merged or divided， etc.， its existing employment contracts
shall remain valid and continue to be performed by the Employer（s） which
succeeded to its rights and obligations
Article 35
An Employer and a Employee may amend the provisions of their employment
contract if they so agree after consultations. Amendments to an employment
contract shall be made in writing.
The Employer and the Employee shall each hold one copy of the amended
employment contract.
CHAPTER 4 TERMINATION AND ENDING OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS
Article 36
An Employer and a Employee may terminate their employment contract if they so
agree after consultations.
Article 37
A Employee may terminate his employment contract upon 30 days' prior written
notice to his Employer. During his probation period， a Employee may terminate
his employment contract by giving his Employer three days' prior notice.
Article 38
A Employee may terminate his employment contract if his Employer：
（1） Fails to provide the labor protection or working conditions specified in
the employment contract；
?。?） Fails to pay labor compensation in full and on time；
?。?） Fails to pay the social insurance premiums for the Employee in accordance
with the law；
?。?） Has rules and regulations that violate laws or regulations， thereby
harming the Employee's rights and interests；
?。?） causes the employment contract to be invalid due to a circumstance
specified in the first paragraph of Article 26 hereof；
?。?） Gives rise to another circumstance in which laws or administrative
statutes permit a Employee to terminate his employment contract.
If an Employer uses violence， threats or unlawful restriction of personal
freedom to compel a Employee to work， or if a Employee is instructed in
violation of rules and regulations or peremptorily ordered by his Employer to
perform dangerous operations which threaten his personal safety， the Employee
may terminate his employment contract forthwith without giving prior notice to
the Employer.
Article 39
An Employer may terminate an employment contract if the Employee：
?。?） Is proved during the probation period not to satisfy the conditions for
employment；
?。?） Materially breaches the Employer's rules and regulations；
（3） Commits serious dereliction of duty or practices graft， causing
substantial damage to the Employer；
（4） has additionally established an employment relationship with another
Employer which materially affects the completion of his tasks with the
first-mentioned Employer， or he refuses to rectify the matter after the same is
brought to his attention by the Employer；
?。?） causes the employment contract to be invalid due to the circumstance
specified in item （1） of the first paragraph of Article 26 hereof； or
?。?） Has his criminal liability pursued in accordance with the law.
Article 40
An Employer may terminate an employment contract by giving the Employee
himself 30 days' prior written notice， or one month's wage in lieu of notice，
if：
?。?） after the set period of medical care for an illness or non-work-related
injury， the Employee can engage neither in his original work nor in other work
arranged for him by his Employer；
?。?） The Employee is incompetent and remains incompetent after training or
adjustment of his position； or
（3） A major change in the objective circumstances relied upon at the time of
conclusion of the employment contract renders it unperformable and， after
consultations， the Employer and Employee are unable to reach agreement on
amending the employment contract.
Article 41
If any of the following circumstances makes it necessary to reduce the
workforce by 20 persons or more or by a number of persons that is less than 20
but accounts for 10 percent or more of the total number of the enterprise's
employees， the Employer may reduce the workforce after it has explained the
circumstances to its Trade union or to all of its employees 30 days in advance，
has considered the opinions of the Trade union or the employees and has
subsequently reported the workforce reduction plan to the labor administration
department：
（1） Restructuring pursuant to the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law；
（2） Serious difficulties in production and/or business operations；
（3） The enterprise switches production， introduces a major technological
innovation or revises its business method， and， after amendment of employment
contracts， still needs to reduce its workforce； or
?。?） Another major change in the objective economic circumstances relied upon
at the time of conclusion of the employment contracts， rendering them
unperformable.
When reducing the workforce， the Employer shall retain with priority persons：
?。?） Who have concluded with the Employer fixed-term employment contracts with
a relatively long term；
?。?） Who have concluded open-ended employment contracts with the Employer； or
?。?） Who are the only ones in their families to be employed and whose families
have an elderly person or a minor for whom they need to provide.
If an Employer that has reduced its workforce pursuant to the first paragraph
hereof hires again within six months， it shall give notice to the persons
dismissed at the time of the reduction and， all things being equal， hire them on
a preferential basis.
Article 42
An Employer may not terminate an employment contract pursuant to Article
40 or Article 41 hereof if the Employee：
?。?） is engaged in operations exposing him to occupational disease hazards and
has not undergone a pre-departure occupational health check-up， or is suspected
of having contracted an occupational disease and is being diagnosed or under
medical observation；
?。?） Has been confirmed as having lost or partially lost his capacity to work
due to an occupational disease contracted or a work-related injury sustained
with the Employer；
（3） Has contracted an illness or sustained a non-work-related injury， and the
set period of medical care therefore has not expired；
?。?） Is a female employee in her pregnancy， confinement or nursing period；
?。?） Has been working for the Employer continuously for not less than 15 years
and is less than 5 years away from his legal retirement age；
?。?） Finds himself in other circumstances stipulated in laws or administrative
statutes.
Article 43
When an Employer is to terminate an employment contract unilaterally， it shall
give the Trade union advance notice of the reason therefore. If the Employer
violates laws， administrative statutes or the employment contract， the Trade
union has the right to demand that the Employer rectify the matter. The Employer
shall study the Trade union's opinions and notify the Trade union in writing as
to the outcome of its handling of the matter.
Article 44
An employment contract shall end if：
?。?） Its term expires；
（2） The Employee has commenced drawing his basic old age insurance pension in
accordance with the law；
?。?） The Employee dies， or is declared dead or missing by a People's Court；
?。?） The Employer is declared bankrupt；
?。?） The Employer has its business license revoked， is ordered to close or is
closed down， or the Employer decides on early liquidation； or
（6） Another circumstance specified in laws or administrative statutes arises.
Article 45
If an employment contract expires and any of the circumstances specified in
Article 42 hereof applies， the term of the employment contract shall be
extended until the relevant circumstance ceases to exist， at which point the
contract shall end. However， matters relating to the ending of the employment
contract of a Employee who has lost or partially lost his capacity to work as
specified in item （2） of Article 42 hereof shall be handled in accordance with
state regulations on work-related injury insurance.
Article 46
In any of the following circumstances， the Employer shall pay the Employee
severance pay：
?。?） The employment contract is terminated by the Employee pursuant to Article
38 hereof；
?。?） The employment contract is terminated after such termination was proposed
to the Employee by the Employer pursuant to Article 36 hereof and the parties
reached agreement thereon after consultations；
?。?） The employment contract is terminated by the Employer pursuant to Article
40 hereof；
?。?） The employment contract is terminated by the Employer pursuant to the
first paragraph of Article 41 hereof；
?。?） The employment contract is a fixed–term contract that ends pursuant to
item （1） of
Article 44 hereof， unless the Employee does not agree to renew the contract
even though the conditions offered by the Employer are the same as or better
than those stipulated in the current contract；
?。?） The employment contract ends pursuant to item （4） or （5） of Article 44
hereof；
?。?） Other circumstances specified in laws or administrative statutes.
Article 47
A Employee shall be paid severance pay based on the number of years worked
with the Employer at the rate of one month's wage for each full year worked. Any
period of not less than six months but less than one year shall be counted as
one year. The severance pay payable to a Employee for any period of less than
six months shall be one-half of his monthly wages.
If the monthly wage of a Employee is greater than three times the average
monthly wage of employees in the Employer's area as published by the People's
Government at the level of municipality directly under the central government or
municipality divided into districts of the area1 where the Employer is located，
the rate for the severance pay paid to him shall be three times the average
monthly wage of employees and shall be for not more than 12 years of work.
For the purposes of this Article， the term “monthly wage” means the Employee's
average monthly wage for the 12 months prior to the termination or ending of his
employment contract.
Article 48
If an Employer terminates or ends an employment contract in violation of this
Law and the Employee demands continued performance of such contract， the
Employer shall continue performing the same. If the Employee does not demand
continued performance of the employment contract or if continued performance of
the employment contract has become impossible， the Employer shall pay damages
pursuant to Article 87 hereof.
Article 49
The state will take measures to establish a comprehensive system that enables
Employees' social insurance accounts to be transferred from one region to
another and to be continued in such other region.
Article 50
At the time of termination or ending of an employment contract， the Employer
shall issue a proof of termination or ending of the employment contract and，
within 15 days， carry out the procedures for the transfer of the Employee's file
and social insurance account.
The Employee shall carry out the procedures for the handover of his work as
agreed by the parties. If relevant provisions of this Law require the Employer
to pay severance pay， it shall pay the same upon completion of the procedures
for the handover of the work.
The Employer shall keep terminated or ended employment contracts on file for
not less than two years， for reference purposes.
CHAPTER 5 SPECIAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 1 COLLECTIVE CONTRACT
Article 51
After bargaining on an equal basis， enterprise employees， as one party， and
their Employer may conclude a collective contract on such matters as labor
compensation， working hours， rest， leave， work safety and hygiene， insurance，
benefits， etc. The draft of the collective contract shall be presented to the
employee representative congress or all the employees for discussion and
approval.
A collective contract shall be concluded by the Trade union， on behalf of the
enterprise's employees， and the Employer. If the Employer does not yet have a
Trade union， it shall
1 Translator's note： The phrase “of the area” does not appear in the Chinese
text. It has been added by us in view of the context.
Conclude the collective contract with a representative put forward by the
Employees under the guidance of the Trade union at the next higher level.
Article 52
Enterprise employees， as one party， and their Employer may enter into
specialized collective contracts addressing labor safety and hygiene， protection
of the rights and interests of female employees， the wage adjustment mechanism，
etc.
Article 53
Industry-wide or area-wide collective contracts may be concluded between the
Trade union on the one hand and representatives on the side of the enterprises
on the other hand in industries such as construction， mining， catering services，
etc. within areas below the county level.
Article 54
After a collective contract has been concluded， it shall be submitted to the
labor administration authority. The collective contract shall become effective
upon the lapse of 15 days from the date of receipt thereof by the labor
administration authority， unless the said authority raises any objections to the
contract.
A collective contract that has been concluded in accordance with the law is
binding on the Employer and the Employees. An industry-wide or area-wide
collective contract is binding on Employers and Employees in the industry or in
the area in the locality concerned.
Article 55
The rates for labor compensation， standards for working conditions， etc.
stipulated in a collective contract may not be lower than the minimum rates and
standards prescribed by the local People's Government. The rates for labor
compensation， standards for working conditions， etc. stipulated in the
employment contract between an Employer and a Employee may not be lower than
those stipulated in the collective contract.
Article 56
If an Employer's breach of the collective contract infringes upon the labor
rights and interests of the employees， the Trade union may， in accordance with
the law， demand that the Employer assume liability. If a dispute arising from
the performance of the collective contract is not resolved following
consultations， the Trade union may apply for arbitration and institute an action
according to law.
SECTION 2 Placement
Article 57
Staffing firms shall be established in accordance with the relevant provisions
of the Company Law and have registered capital of not less than RMB￥500，000.
Article 58
Staffing firms are Employers as mentioned in this Law and shall perform an
Employer's obligations toward its Employees. The employment contract between a
staffing firm and a Employee to be placed shall， in addition to the matters
specified in Article 17 hereof， specify matters such as the unit with which the
Employee will be placed， the term of his placement， his position， etc.
The employment contracts between staffing firms and the Employees to be placed
shall be fixed term employment contracts with a term of not less than two years.
Staffing firms shall pay labor compensation on a monthly basis. During periods
when there is no work for Employees to be placed， the staffing firm shall pay
such Employees compensation on a monthly basis at the minimum wage rate
prescribed by the People's Government of the place where the staffing firm is
located.
Article 59
When placing Employees， staffing firms shall enter into staffing agreements
with the units that accept the Employees under the placement arrangements
（“Accepting Units”）. The staffing agreements shall stipulate the job positions
in which Employees are placed， the number of persons placed， the term of
placement， the amounts and methods of payments of labor compensation and social
insurance premiums， and the liability for breach of the agreement.
An Accepting Unit shall decide with the staffing firm on the term of placement
based on the actual requirements of the job position， and it may not conclude
several short-term placement agreements to cover a continuous term of labor use.
Article 60
Staffing firms shall inform the Employees placed of the content of the
placement agreements.
Staffing firms may not pocket part of the labor compensation that the
Accepting Units pay to the Employees in accordance with the placement agreement.
Staffing firms and the Accepting Units may not charge fees from the Employees
placed.
Article 61
If a staffing firm places a Employee with an Accepting Unit in another region，
the Employee's labor compensation and working conditions shall be in line with
the rates and standards of the place where the Accepting Unit is located.
Article 62
Accepting Units shall perform the following obligations：
?。?） Implement state labor standards and provide the corresponding working
conditions and labor protection；
?。?） communicate the job requirements and labor compensation of the Employees
placed；
?。?） Pay overtime pay and performance bonuses and provide benefits appropriate
for the job positions；
（4） Provide the placed Employees who are on the job with the training
necessary for their job positions； and
?。?） In case of continuous placement， implement a normal wage adjustment
system.
Accepting Units may not in turn place the Employees with other Employers.
Article 63
Placed Employees shall have the right to receive the same pay as that received
by Employees of the Accepting Unit for the same work. If an Accepting Unit has
no Employee in the same position， the labor compensation shall be determined
with reference to the labor compensation paid in the place where the Accepting
Unit is located to Employees in the same or a similar position.
Article 64
Placed Employees have the right to lawfully join the Trade union of their
staffing firm or the Accepting Unit or to organize such unions， so as to protect
their own lawful rights and interests.
Article 65
Placed Employees may terminate their employment contracts with their staffing
firms pursuant to Article 36 or 38 hereof.
If any of the circumstances provided for in Article 39 and items （1） and （2）
of Article 40 hereof applies to a placed Employee， his Accepting Unit may return
him to the staffing firm， which may terminate its employment contract with him
in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.
Article 66
The placement of Employees shall generally be practiced for temporary，
auxiliary or substitute job positions.
Article 67
Employers may not establish staffing firms to place Employees with themselves
or their subordinate units.
Section 3 Part-Time Labor
Article 68
The term “part-time labor” means a form of labor for which the compensation is
chiefly calculated by the hour and where the Employee generally averages not
more than 4 hours of work per day and not more than an aggregate 24 hours of
work per week for the same Employer.
Article 69
The two parties to part-time labor may conclude an oral agreement.
A Employee who engages in part-time labor may conclude an employment contract
with one or more Employers， but a subsequently concluded employment contract may
not prejudice the performance of a previously concluded employment contract.
Article 70
The two parties to part-time labor may not stipulate a probation period.
Article 71
Either of the two parties to part-time labor may terminate the use of the
labor by notice to the other party at any time. No severance pay shall be
payable by the Employer to the Employee upon termination of the use of the
labor.
Article 72
The hourly compensation rate for part-time labor may not be lower than the
minimum hourly wage rate prescribed by the People's Government of the place
where the Employer is located.
The labor compensation settlement and payment cycle for part-time labor may
not exceed 15 days.
CHAPTER 6 MONITORING INSPECTIONS
Article 73
The State Council's labor administration authority shall be responsible for
overseeing the implementation of the employment contract system nationwide. The
labor administration authorities of local People's Governments at the county
level and above shall be responsible for overseeing the implementation of the
employment contract system in their respective jurisdictions.
In the course of overseeing the implementation of the employment contract
system， the labor administration authorities of People's Governments at the
county level and above shall consider the opinions of the Trade unions， the
representatives on the side of the enterprises and the authorities in charge of
the industries concerned.
Article 74
The labor administration authorities of local People's Governments at the
county level and above shall conduct monitoring inspections of the
implementation of the following aspects of the employment contract system， in
accordance with the law：
?。?） Employers' formulation of rules and regulations that have a direct bearing
on the immediate interests of Employees， and the implementation thereof；
?。?） The conclusion and termination of employment contracts by Employers and
Employees；
?。?） Compliance with relevant regulations on placement by staffing firms and
Accepting Units；
?。?） Employers' compliance with state regulations on Employees' working hours，
rest and leave；
?。?） Employers' payment of labor compensation as specified in the employment
contracts and compliance with minimum wage rates；
（6） Employers' enrollment in the various types of social insurance and payment
of social insurance premiums； and
（7） Other labor matters requiring monitoring inspections， as specified in laws
and administrative statutes.
Article 75
When the labor administration authority of a local People's Government at the
county level or above conducts a monitoring inspection， it has the authority to
review materials relating to the employment contracts and collective contracts
and conduct an on the-spot inspection of the work premises. Both the Employer
and the Employees shall truthfully provide relevant information and materials.
When working personnel of a labor administration authority conduct a
monitoring inspection， they shall show their IDs， exercise their functions and
powers according to law and enforce the law in a well-disciplined manner.
Article 76
Such competent authorities as construction authorities， health authorities，
production safety regulators， etc. of People's Governments at the county level
and above shall， to the extent of their respective purviews， oversee the
implementation of the employment contract system by Employers.
Article 77
A Employee whose lawful rights and interests have been infringed upon shall
have the right to request that the relevant authority deal with the infringement
according to law， or to apply for arbitration and institute an action according
to law.
Article 78
Trade unions shall safeguard the lawful rights and interests of Employees in
accordance with the law and monitor the performance of the employment contracts
and collective contracts by Employers. If an Employer violates labor laws or
statutes or breaches an employment contract or collective contract， the Trade
union has the right to voice its opinion or require that the matter be
rectified. If a Employee applies for arbitration or institutes an action， the
Trade union shall provide support and assistance in accordance with the law.
Article 79
All organizations and individuals are entitled to report violations of this
Law.
The labor administration authorities of People's Governments at the county
level and above shall timely check and handle the violations reported and reward
those persons whose reports are valuable.
CHAPTER 7 LEGAL LIABILITY
Article 80
If an Employer's rule or regulation with a direct bearing on the immediate
interests of Employees violates laws or administrative statutes， the labor
administration authority shall order rectification and give a warning. If the
said rule or regulation caused a Employee to suffer harm， the Employer will be
liable for damages.
Article 81
If the text of an employment contract provided by an Employer lacks any of the
mandatory clauses which this Law requires to be included in such contracts or if
an Employer fails to deliver the text of the employment contract to the
Employee， the labor administration authority shall order rectification； if the
Employee suffered harm as a result thereof， the Employer will be liable for
damages.
Article 82
If an Employer concludes a written employment contract with a Employee more
than one month but less than one year after the date on which it started using
him， it shall each month pay to the Employee twice his wage.
If an Employer fails， in violation of this Law， to conclude an open-ended
employment contract with a Employee， it shall each month pay to the Employee
twice his wage， starting from the date on which an open-ended employment
contract should have been concluded.
Article 83
If the probation period stipulated by an Employer with a Employee violates
this Law， the labor administration authority shall order rectification. If the
illegally stipulated probation has been performed， the Employer shall pay
compensation to the Employee according to the time worked on probation beyond
the statutory probation period， at the rate of the Employee's monthly wage
following the completion of his probation.
Article 84
If an Employer violates this Law by retaining a Employee's resident ID card or
other papers， the labor administration authority shall order the same returned
to the Employee within a specified period of time and impose a penalty in
accordance with the provisions of relevant laws.
If an Employer violates this Law by collection property from Employees as
security or under some other guise， the labor administration authority shall
order the same returned to the Employees within a specified period of time and
impose a fine on the Employer of not less than RMB￥500 and not more than
RMB￥2，000 for each person； If the Employees suffered harm as a result of the
said conduct on the part of the Employer， the Employer will be liable for
damages. If an Employer retains a Employee's file or other Article after the
Employee has terminated or ended his employment contract in accordance with the
law， a penalty shall be imposed in accordance with the preceding paragraph.
Article 85
If an Employer：
?。?） Fails to pay a Employee his labor compensation in full and on time as
stipulated in his employment contract or prescribed by the state；
?。?） Pays labor compensation below the local minimum wage rate；
（3） Arranges overtime without paying overtime pay； or
（4） Terminates or ends an employment contract without paying the Employee
severance pay pursuant to this Law； then the labor administration authority
shall order it to pay the labor compensation， overtime pay or severance pay
within a specified period of time； if the labor compensation is lower than the
local minimum wage rate， the Employer shall pay the shortfall. If payment is not
made within the time limit， the Employer shall be ordered to additionally pay
damages to the Employee at a rate of not less than 50 percent and not more than
100 percent of the amount payable.
Article 86
If an employment contract is confirmed as being invalid in accordance with
Article 26 hereof and the other party suffers harm as a result thereof， the
party at fault shall be liable for damages.
Article 87
If an Employer terminates or ends an employment contract in violation of this
Law， it shall pay damages to the Employee at twice the rate of the severance pay
provided for in Article 47 hereof.
Article 88
If an Employer：
?。?） uses violence， threats or unlawful restriction of personal freedom to
compel a Employee to work；
?。?） Instructs in violation of rules and regulations， or peremptorily orders， a
Employee to perform dangerous operations which threaten his personal safety；
?。?） Insults， corporally punishes， beats， illegally searches or detains a
Employee； or
?。?） provides odious working conditions or a severely polluted environment，
resulting in serious harm to the physical or mental health of Employees； it
shall be subjected to administrative punishment； if the said conduct constitutes
a criminal offense， criminal liability shall be pursued according to law； if the
Employee suffers harm as a result of the said conduct on the part of the
Employer， the Employer will be liable for damages.
Article 89
If an Employer fails， in violation of this Law， to issue to a Employee a
certificate evidencing the termination or ending of his employment contract， the
labor administration authority shall order rectification. If the Employee
suffers harm as a result of such failure， the Employer will be liable for
damages.
Article 90
If a Employee terminates his employment contract in violation of this Law or
breaches the confidentiality obligations or competition restrictions stipulated
in his employment contract， and if such violation or breach causes his Employer
to suffer loss， he will be liable for damages.
Article 91
If an Employer hires a Employee whose employment contract with another
Employer has not yet been terminated or ended， causing the other Employer to
suffer a loss， it shall be jointly and severally liable with the Employee for
damages.
Article 92
If a staffing firm violates this Law， the labor administration authority and
other relevant competent authorities shall order it to rectify the situation. If
the circumstances are serious， it shall impose a fine of not less than RMB￥1，000
and not more than RMB￥5，000 for each person， and the administration for industry
and commerce shall revoke the business license. If the Employee（s） placed
suffer（s） harm， the staffing firm and the Accepting Unit shall be jointly and
severally liable for damages.
Article 93
An Employer that carries on business without the legal qualifications
therefore will be pursued according to law for its legal liability for its
illegal and criminal acts. If its Employees have already performed labor， the
Employer or its investor（s） shall pay them labor compensation， severance pays
and damages in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law. If the
Employees suffer harm as a result thereof， the said unit shall be liable for
damages.
Article 94
If an individual that contracts for the operation of a business hires
Employees in violation of this Law and a Employee suffers harm as a result
thereof， the organization that employed such contractor shall be jointly and
severally liable with the contractor for damages.
Article 95
If a labor administration authority， another competent authority or a member
of its working personnel neglects its/his duties， fails to perform its/his
statutory duties or exercises its/his authority in violation of the law， thereby
causing harm to a Employee or an
Employer， liability for damages shall be borne and the leading official
directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be subjected
to administrative penalties in accordance with the law； if a criminal offense is
constituted， criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law.
CHAPTER 8 SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
Article 96
Where laws or administrative statutes contain， or the State Council has
formulated， separate regulations concerning the conclusion， performance，
amendment， termination or ending of employment contracts by and between
institutions and those of their working personnel that are subject to the
employment system， matters shall be handled in accordance with such regulations；
in the absence of such regulations， matters shall be handled in accordance with
this Law.
Article 97
Employment contracts concluded in accordance with the law before the
implementation of this Law and continuing to exist on the implementation date of
this Law shall continue to be performed. For the purposes of item （3） of the
second paragraph of Article 14 hereof， the number of consecutive occasions on
which a fixed-term employment contract is concluded shall be counted from the
first renewal of such contract to occur after the implementation of this Law.
If an employment relationship was established prior to the implementation of
this Law without the conclusion of a written employment contract， such contract
shall be concluded within one month from the implementation date of this Law.
If an employment contract existing on the implementation date of this Law is
terminated or ends after the implementation of this Law and， pursuant to Article
46 hereof， severance pay is payable， the number of years for which severance pay
is payable shall be counted from the implementation date of this Law. If， under
relevant regulations in effect prior to the implementation of this Law， the
Employee is entitled to severance pay from the Employer in respect of a period
preceding the implementation of this Law， the matter shall be handled in
accordance with the relevant regulations that were in effect at that time.
Article 98
This Law shall be implemented from January 1， 2008.
中英對照法規(guī) 英文法規(guī) 中華人民共和國勞動合同法中英雙語 中華人民共和國勞動合同法中英對照 中華人民共和國勞動合同法英語版
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